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How to make Wudhu

June 03, 2014

 

Wudu, or ablution, is both a traditional ritual and a practical means by which Muslims may seek to maintain good physical and spiritual hygiene. Traditionally, Wudu refers to the mental preparation of Muslims for the Salat (prayer), one of the Five Pillars of Islam.

Steps

  1. Make Niyyah (Intention) to perform Wudhu. Niyyah is the Islamic concept of performing an act for the sake of Allah. To truly perform Wudu, you should center yourself and quiet your thoughts, focusing seriously on what you are doing.

    Niyyah doesn’t necessarily involve saying anything out loud, but focusing on the phrase “Bismillah” (In the name of Allah) is a good way to accomplish the centering necessary. Say it out loudly or silently to yourself, whichever makes you comfortable.

  2. Wash your hands. Use your left hand to wash your right hand. Do this three times. After that, use your right hand to wash your left hand three times. Make sure to wash in between your fingers and all the way up to your wrists.

  3. Take water into your mouth. Use your right hand to cup water into your mouth three times. Swish it around in your cheeks and the back of your throat. Do this thoroughly to get all the remaining food in your mouth out.

  4. Inhale water into your nose. Use your right hand to cup water and inhale it into your nose three times. You can use your left hand to close one nostril and blow out if you need to. Snort sharply and abruptly without taking too much water into your nose and choking yourself.

  5. Wash your face. Wash your face three times by spreading your hands from your right ear to the left, and from the edge of the hair to the chin.

  6. Wash your lower arms from wrists to elbows, leaving no part dry. From your wrist to your elbow, wash your right arm with your left hand three times and then wash your left arm with your right hand three times. Make Khilaal, ie pass the fingers of the one hand through the fingers of the other hand.

  7. Wipe your head. Using your wet hands, gently wipe your forehead from the hairline to the back of your head. Also wipe down your hair, the back of your neck. Do this one time.

  8. Wipe your ears inside and out. With the same water, use your finger to clean all the crevices of your ear. Use your thumb to clean behind your ears from the bottom upward. This is also done one time.

  9. Wash each of your feet. Clean up to the the ankles and be sure water goes between the toes. Use your pinky finger and go through each toe to eliminate anything between. Start with your right foot and rub each foot three times.

Repeat your Wudu after it has been nullified. Actions that nullify Wudu include natural discharges, including urination, defecation, excessive bleeding, and gas. Deep sleep also nullifies Wudu.

After intercourse, re-performing Wudu alone is not enough to be able to perform Salat. There is another form of purification that must be performed known as Ghusul.

Tips

  • It is always better to clear your bowels and urinate before Wudu. In this way, you will be able to resist the sudden urge to use the washroom after Wudu.

  • Clear your mind before Wudu, so that you concentrate on Allah.

  • Also if you cannot stand up due to old age, you can perform the Salaat sitting on a chair.

  • You must do the steps in the given order and also without long pauses in between steps.

  • You need water to do the steps above, but if you can’t find any water or if you are sick, you can perform Tayammum. It is a form of purification made with clean dust, earth or sand.

  • Wipe your neck once with the back of your wet hands before you wash your feet.

  • It was the practice of the Prophet Sallallahu Alayhi Wa Sallam to brush his teeth with the Miswaak before performing Wudu.

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Siwak: An Oral Health Device

 

Preliminary Chemical and Clinical Evaluation


Dr. M. Ragaii EI-Mostehy, Dr. A.A.AI-Jassem, Dr. I.A.AI-Yassin, Dr.A.R EI-Gindy and Dr. E. Shoukry

 

Kuwait

 

A variety of oral hygiene measures have been used since the dawn of time. This has been verified by various excavations done all over the world, in which toothpicks, chewsticks, tree twigs, linen strips, birds' feathers, animal bones and porcupine quills were recovered.

 

1. Those that originated from plants are tasty twigs and although primitive they represented a transitional step towards the modern toothbrush. It has been stated that about seventeen plants could be enumerated as natural sources for several of these oral hygiene devices.

 

2. The most widely used tree twigs since early times is the “Siwak" or “Miswak".

 

3. The stick is obtained from a plant called Salvadore Persica that grows around Mecca and the Middle East area in general.

 

4. It is widely used among Muslems after Prophet Mohammed (pbuh) realised its value as a device which should be used by Moslems to clean their teeth. In this respect our Prophet (pbuh) is considered the first dental educator in proper oral hygiene.

 

Although there is no reference to the use of Siwak in Al-Quran, yet several quotations could be read in the compendium of the sayings of Mohammed (pbuh) as to the benefits of Siwak in mouth cleanliness.

 

One saying reads as follows: "IF IT WERE NOT TOO MUCH A BURDEN ON THE BELIEVERS, I WOULD PRESCRIBE THAT THEY USE THE SIWAK BEFORE EACH PRAYER".

 

Several anecdotes, incidents, poems and rules of ethics in using Siwak were mentioned in various references talking on the subject of cleanliness of the mouth.

 

Salvadora Persica is in fact a small tree or shrub with a crooked trunk, seldom more than one foot in diameter, bark scabrous and cracked, whitish with pendulous extremities. The root bark is light brown and the inner surfaces are white, odour is like cress and taste is warm and pungent. Chemically the air dried stem bark of S. Persica is extracted with 80% alcohol and then extracted with ether and run through exhaustive chemical procedures. This showed that it is composed of:

Trim ethyl amine
An alkaloid which may be salvadorine
Chlorides
High amounts of fluoride and silica
Sulphur
Vitamin C
Small amounts of Tannins, saponins, fiavenoids &
sterols

 

PURPOSE OF THE PRESENT INVESTIGATION:

Because of the great quality of oral cleanliness noticed in individuals who use Siwak as the sole device to brush their teeth and because of the low incidence of dental decay of those individuals this work was undertaken.

 

It is intended to study the following:

1 .The mechanical ability of Siwak as a cleaning device to the mouth and its ability to rid the mouth of bacterial plaque (aggregates harmful to the gum)

2. If Siwak is powdered and used with a toothbrush, could it act as an efficient mouth cleaner?

3. As compared to other strongly abrasive toothpowders, could Siwak rank as highly efficient as to the used material?

 

DISCUSSION

Oral hygiene and patient motivation towards a clean mouth owe their birth to the teachings of Mohammed (pbuh). Due to the repeated use of Siwak during the day, the users showed an unusually high level of oral cleanliness. It is a well known fact that plaque formed immediately after meticulous toothbrushing. By the end of 24 hours the plaque is well on its way towards maturation and hence starts its deliterious effects on the gingiva.

 

Proper oral hygiene should be maintained through intensive instructions by the periodontist as well as by a great expenditure of time and dexterity on part of the patient. This item is self corrected in Moslems because Siwak users take Siwak as a device that should be used as part of their religious ritual regimen.

 

The results obtained in this investigation have proved that Siwak and other tree twigs 9 could act as an effective tool in removing soft oral deposits. It could be even used as an effective device in preventive dental programmes in mass populations. The indices used in this investigations were simple and adequate as they discriminated between experimental stages as well as between experimental groups.

 

Using starch is not quite accurate but it was meant to evaluate the degree by which Siwak and powdered Siwak could rid teeth of deposits as compared to the best abrasive viz. commercial powder.

 

It is noticed that the difference between first and fifth week of the mean score of plaque percentage for powdered Siwak is the highest (-11.2%) of all readings. This indicates that powdered Siwak is used with t mechanically proper device i.e. tooth brush will give a great deal of oral cleanliness.

 

It has been reported that Salvadora Persica contains substances that possess antibacterial properties. Some of the other components are astringents, detergents and abrasives.

 

Those properties encourage some toothpaste laboratories to incorporate powdered stems and/or root material of Salvadora persica in their roducts (Beckenham U.K. Sarakan Ltd.).

 

Although the commercial powder gave a high degree of efficiency in plaque removal yet its use over the experimental period gave a high score of gingivitis percentage within the group using the powder. It is true that plaque eradication is essential but this should not be on the expense of deleterious side effect on other tissues.

 

It could be concluded that Siwak and powdered Siwak are excellent tools for oral cleanliness. Because of its availability in this part of the world, being inexpensive and readily adopted by Muslims as part f their religious regimen, it is highly recommended in implementing a preventive dental health program Islamic countries. Also recommendations should be directed to manufacturers of toothpastes to include the powdered form of Siwak in highly sophisticated toothpaste.
read more

Siwak: An Oral Health Device

 

Preliminary Chemical and Clinical Evaluation


Dr. M. Ragaii EI-Mostehy, Dr. A.A.AI-Jassem, Dr. I.A.AI-Yassin, Dr.A.R EI-Gindy and Dr. E. Shoukry

 

Kuwait

 

A variety of oral hygiene measures have been used since the dawn of time. This has been verified by various excavations done all over the world, in which toothpicks, chewsticks, tree twigs, linen strips, birds' feathers, animal bones and porcupine quills were recovered.

 

1. Those that originated from plants are tasty twigs and although primitive they represented a transitional step towards the modern toothbrush. It has been stated that about seventeen plants could be enumerated as natural sources for several of these oral hygiene devices.

 

2. The most widely used tree twigs since early times is the “Siwak" or “Miswak".

 

3. The stick is obtained from a plant called Salvadore Persica that grows around Mecca and the Middle East area in general.

 

4. It is widely used among Muslems after Prophet Mohammed (pbuh) realised its value as a device which should be used by Moslems to clean their teeth. In this respect our Prophet (pbuh) is considered the first dental educator in proper oral hygiene.

 

Although there is no reference to the use of Siwak in Al-Quran, yet several quotations could be read in the compendium of the sayings of Mohammed (pbuh) as to the benefits of Siwak in mouth cleanliness.

 

One saying reads as follows: "IF IT WERE NOT TOO MUCH A BURDEN ON THE BELIEVERS, I WOULD PRESCRIBE THAT THEY USE THE SIWAK BEFORE EACH PRAYER".

 

Several anecdotes, incidents, poems and rules of ethics in using Siwak were mentioned in various references talking on the subject of cleanliness of the mouth.

 

Salvadora Persica is in fact a small tree or shrub with a crooked trunk, seldom more than one foot in diameter, bark scabrous and cracked, whitish with pendulous extremities. The root bark is light brown and the inner surfaces are white, odour is like cress and taste is warm and pungent. Chemically the air dried stem bark of S. Persica is extracted with 80% alcohol and then extracted with ether and run through exhaustive chemical procedures. This showed that it is composed of:

Trim ethyl amine
An alkaloid which may be salvadorine
Chlorides
High amounts of fluoride and silica
Sulphur
Vitamin C
Small amounts of Tannins, saponins, fiavenoids &
sterols

 

PURPOSE OF THE PRESENT INVESTIGATION:

Because of the great quality of oral cleanliness noticed in individuals who use Siwak as the sole device to brush their teeth and because of the low incidence of dental decay of those individuals this work was undertaken.

 

It is intended to study the following:

1 .The mechanical ability of Siwak as a cleaning device to the mouth and its ability to rid the mouth of bacterial plaque (aggregates harmful to the gum)

2. If Siwak is powdered and used with a toothbrush, could it act as an efficient mouth cleaner?

3. As compared to other strongly abrasive toothpowders, could Siwak rank as highly efficient as to the used material?

 

DISCUSSION

Oral hygiene and patient motivation towards a clean mouth owe their birth to the teachings of Mohammed (pbuh). Due to the repeated use of Siwak during the day, the users showed an unusually high level of oral cleanliness. It is a well known fact that plaque formed immediately after meticulous toothbrushing. By the end of 24 hours the plaque is well on its way towards maturation and hence starts its deliterious effects on the gingiva.

 

Proper oral hygiene should be maintained through intensive instructions by the periodontist as well as by a great expenditure of time and dexterity on part of the patient. This item is self corrected in Moslems because Siwak users take Siwak as a device that should be used as part of their religious ritual regimen.

 

The results obtained in this investigation have proved that Siwak and other tree twigs 9 could act as an effective tool in removing soft oral deposits. It could be even used as an effective device in preventive dental programmes in mass populations. The indices used in this investigations were simple and adequate as they discriminated between experimental stages as well as between experimental groups.

 

Using starch is not quite accurate but it was meant to evaluate the degree by which Siwak and powdered Siwak could rid teeth of deposits as compared to the best abrasive viz. commercial powder.

 

It is noticed that the difference between first and fifth week of the mean score of plaque percentage for powdered Siwak is the highest (-11.2%) of all readings. This indicates that powdered Siwak is used with t mechanically proper device i.e. tooth brush will give a great deal of oral cleanliness.

 

It has been reported that Salvadora Persica contains substances that possess antibacterial properties. Some of the other components are astringents, detergents and abrasives.

 

Those properties encourage some toothpaste laboratories to incorporate powdered stems and/or root material of Salvadora persica in their roducts (Beckenham U.K. Sarakan Ltd.).

 

Although the commercial powder gave a high degree of efficiency in plaque removal yet its use over the experimental period gave a high score of gingivitis percentage within the group using the powder. It is true that plaque eradication is essential but this should not be on the expense of deleterious side effect on other tissues.

 

It could be concluded that Siwak and powdered Siwak are excellent tools for oral cleanliness. Because of its availability in this part of the world, being inexpensive and readily adopted by Muslims as part f their religious regimen, it is highly recommended in implementing a preventive dental health program Islamic countries. Also recommendations should be directed to manufacturers of toothpastes to include the powdered form of Siwak in highly sophisticated toothpaste.
read more

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